Web localization today achieved a great significance in the business world; it became a tool adopted by the people who want to make business mark. With the entire world under single business umbrella, it became a necessity to be more interactive; gone are the days when people used to be themselves with no interactions, no knowledge regarding the world outside their domain.
People in the whole world are not only geographically divided but also found having diverse cultural backgrounds which differ from people to people living in different parts of the world. Every businessperson is surrounded by those differences which act as a great obstacle on their path of pursuing a good business.
However, the advancement and development in science and technology has totally transformed the entire scenario; it broke the cultural and language barriers. As several software devices have been developed that can help to break the language hurdles through translation of various languages, more businesses are going to be generated.
Any businessman can realize the importance of Web Localization in the global market today. The change in the international trade system brought by globalization and liberalization ensured a place to Web Localization in the global market. It is basically forming the websites in particular local language and dialogs targeting the people of specific regions. When an economy is on the path of decline, the impact is usually seen on the markets. If the company wants to survive in the struggling economy, it has to resort to different business tactics; web localization is one of these tactics. It is more required for looking markets outside of one’s dominant areas due to the fall of local demands and creates an opening for the products to be available for outside possible clients. In addition to it, it also provides protection from single currency’s fluctuation.
Most of the people are very fond of using Internets, almost half of their things are done through online medium, and it is because of that many companies are getting their websites available to the users, providing every detail of their products that act as a good and effective promotion.
Making websites localized is also a thing of great fun; it enables even the strangers attracted towards the sites, they feel warm and welcomed, take pride and disseminate information to more people to popularize their language.
Somya Translators Pvt. Ltd. based on excellence and true commitment to customer service is here to help you to translate your document making it available for people who don't speak your language. We provide Translation Services in over 100+ languages.Continuously, we are adding new languages and value added services at an attractive price to cater to various companies budgetary demands for their value of money.
Tuesday, April 22, 2014
Friday, April 4, 2014
অনুবাদৰ মূল্যবোধ আৰু নীতি
এই যুগত, সিদ্ধান্ত গ্ৰহণৰ প্ৰক্ৰিয়াই এটা ক্ৰিয়াৰ পৰিকল্পনাত প্ৰধান ভুমিকা পালন কৰে। এই পৰিকল্পনাই এটা অনুমোদিত আচৰণবিধিৰ সৈতে কোনো ব্যক্তিগত নিয়োগ বা তেওঁলোকক বৰ্খাস্ত কৰিবলৈ নিৰ্দেশিত কৰে। অনুবাদৰ গুণমান সমস্যা বা সময়সীমাৰ বিফলতা, আভ্যন্তৰীণ কন্দল, ধনৰ অপচয় আৰু আগ্ৰহৰ অভাৱৰ দৰে কৰ্মস্থানৰ সমস্যাসমূহ পৰিস্থিতি সাপেক্ষে আঁতৰাবলৈ উল্লেখযোগ্য প্ৰয়াস বিগত বছৰত কৰা হৈছিল। প্ৰত্যেক কৰ্মচাৰী আৰু উচ্চপদাধিকাৰী সকল নিজ বিবেচনা, সততা আৰু শ্ৰদ্ধাৰে কোনো সংঘাতৰ সমাধান কৰিবলৈ বহুলভাৱে উত্সাহিত কৰা হয়।
পৰিচালনাৰ মূল্যবোধ আৰু নীতিৰ ওপৰত ভিত্তি কৰি অনুমোদিত শব্দকোষত থকা পৰিভাষাৰ ব্যৱহাৰৰ কিছুমান উদাহৰণ দিয়া হৈছে; এনে অৱস্থাৰ সমাধান পাবৰ বাবে এইবোৰ প্ৰকাশ আৰু বিচাৰ কৰিবলৈ পৰ্যাপ্ত জ্ঞান থকা অনুমোদিত ভাষাবিদে তৈয়াৰ কৰা শব্দকোষৰ পৰা প্ৰস্তুত কৰা হয়।
আমি কোনো বিচাৰ নকৰাকৈ, আৰু এজন ভাষাবিদ ৰূপে আমাৰ গ্ৰাহকৰ সৈতে এটা আন্তঃসাংস্কৃতিক যোগাযোগ গঠন কৰা উচিত, আমি এটা পাঠ বাচনি কৰা বিষয়ত সম্পূৰ্ণ পেশাদাৰিভাৱে বিবেচনা কৰোঁ। এইয়া আমাৰ সাম্ভাব্য গ্ৰাহক আৰু প্ৰাপ্তকৰ্তা দুয়োলৈকে আমাৰ কৰ্তব্য। ব্যক্তিগতভাৱে আমি কোনো সমস্যা পৰিচালনা কৰিবলৈ কিছুমান নৈতিক নীতি আৰু স্বাধীন মতামত পচন্দ কৰোঁ বা সৃষ্টি কৰোঁ।
অনুবাদৰ অংশ ৰূপে, শব্দকোষ, ষ্টাইল গাইড, টুলকিট ইত্যাদি সঁজুলিসমূহ আৰু অন্য সহায়ক সামগ্ৰীৰে কোনো নথিপত্ৰৰ স্থানীয়কৰণ কৰিবলৈ যিকোনো অনুবাদকৰ বাবে এটা প্ৰক্ৰিয়া সৃষ্টি কৰে। পৰিস্থিতি সাপেক্ষে এটা সুবিধাজনক আৰু উত্তম পথ গ্ৰহণ কৰিবলৈ আপুনি কি সিদ্ধান্ত গ্ৰহণ কৰিব সেইটো আপোনাৰেই দ্বায়িত্ব। অনুবাদৰ সকলো ক্ষেত্ৰ বা ড’মেইনৰ বাবে কিছুমান বিশেষ নিয়ম বা মান তৈয়াৰ কৰাটো প্ৰয়োজনীয়, যিটোৰ জৰিয়তে আপুনি এজন অনুবাদকৰ অনুবাদৰ গুণমান নিশ্চিত কৰিব পাৰে। কিন্তু বৰ্তমান পৰিস্থিতিত, অনুবাদৰ নীতি আৰু মূল্যবোধ অনুসৰণ কৰি স্থানীয়কৰণৰ ক্ষেত্ৰখনত অব্যাহত ৰখাটোও বৰ কঠিন। ইয়াত আমি গুণমানৰ মান্যতাৰ প্ৰতিশ্ৰুতি, গোপনীয়তা আৰু অন্য অনুবাদ ব্যৱসায় সম্পৰ্কীয় সমস্যা বিষয়ে মূল্যবোধৰ কোনো বাধ্যতামূলক নিয়ম প্ৰয়োগ কৰা নাই। কিন্তু প্ৰত্যেক অনুবাদ উদ্যোগৰ বাবে ইয়াৰ অনুবাদক বা ভাষাবিদে গ্ৰহণ কৰা মূল্যবোধৰ সিদ্ধান্ত অব্যাহত ৰখাটো আৱশ্যকীয়।
জীৱিকাৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত অনুবাদৰ মূল্য কি সেইটো নিশ্চিত কৰাটো কঠিন। আমাৰ মূল্যবোধ আমাৰ ব্যক্তিত্বৰ অংশ হোৱা উচিত, আৰু এই মূল্যবোধ আমাৰ দেশ বা অঞ্চলৰ সংস্কৃতিৰ পৰা আহৰণ কৰা হয়। এই মূল্যবোধে আমাৰ যিকোনো সিদ্ধান্ত গ্ৰহণ কৰিবলৈ সহায়ক হ’ব পাৰেনে?
আধুনিক অনুবাদৰ বাবে পাৰিশ্ৰমিক আৰু মৰ্য্যাদাৰ দৰে প্ৰধান সমস্যাৰ সন্মুখীন হ’ব পাৰো। অনুবাদৰ ইতিহাসত উল্লেখ আছে যে অনুবাদকক মহান শিল্পী, সংস্কৃতি বিশেষজ্ঞ আৰু মহান আদৰ্শ ৰূপে বিবেচনা কৰা হৈছিল। এটা বিশেষ কাৰ্য্যৰ বাবে সঠিক অনুবাদক বা ভাষাবিদ বাছনি কৰিবলৈ আমি পৰ্যাপ্ত পৰিমাণে সক্ষম হয়নে নহয় বিবেচনা কৰাটো।
ওপৰত উল্লেখিত সমস্যাটোৰ দুটা সমাধান হ’ব পাৰে। প্ৰথমতে, সমগ্ৰ অনুবাদৰ গুণমান উন্নত কৰিবলৈ প্ৰশিক্ষণ বা গৱেষণা; আৰু দ্বিতীয়তে এটা সামাজিক জাগৰণৰ দ্বাৰা সমাজক শুদ্ধ ভাষা প্ৰয়োগৰ বাবে উত্সাহিত কৰিব পাৰি। ইয়াৰ জৰিয়তে ভাষাৰ প্ৰতি সন্মান আৰু অনুবাদকৰ কামৰ প্ৰতি শ্ৰদ্ধা বাঢ়িব।
প্ৰাণজিত কলিতা
Wednesday, February 19, 2014
Understand your Hospital expenses with the right medical translation
Health and wealth complement one another is a fact that is universally known and accepted around the world. Apart from the need to find the most efficient health care system, people in general prefer health care that is easy on the pocket as well. This takes care of the physical and mental well-being of the patient and their care takers. One way through which this may be ensured is through being able to understand well the medical terms with relation to the illness and its prognosis.
Understanding the medical terms, prescriptions and medical bills may become all the more difficult for one to understand if the language is not understood by the payee. This is where it becomes inevitable to understand your medical bills with the right medical translation.
Medical translation is a trend that is becoming increasingly important for non-English speaking crowds, as in most scenarios; the medical bills are made in English as based on the medical prescriptions and health reports. This means that most of the need for medical translators around the world is growing each day, so that the medical bills can be understood in other languages as well.
In order to understand your medical bills with the right medical translation, it is important that the person or agency carrying out the translation is well equipped with the necessary qualifications so that the chances of wrong or inaccurate translation may be ruled out. As a matter of fact, it is necessary for medical translators to have been professionally certified for practicing the job of a medical translator. This helps in giving an assurance to the payee that the medical bills will be translated with a thorough knowledge and understanding of the particulars of the case and will be able to provide a clearer understanding for the payee.
When matters of health and money are combined, it becomes important to put faith in the best so that the chances of going wrong may be eradicated. Understanding your medical bill with the right medical translations may help in not only cutting out the chances of undue monetary losses but also helps in understanding the medical case in detail and knowing what exactly one is paying for. The importance of good healthcare and value for money may never be sufficiently understood unless; one knows what one is paying for. The way to future awareness and safety in monetary transactions is through finding the best in business medical translators who may be able to guide and make one understand the medical bills which otherwise may be a difficult task for a layman to understand.
It is also important to know that the medical translations of medical bills are not only easy to understand but also accurately translated, so that they may be used for future references and a hassle free report is maintained in a language that may be universally understood. Understanding medical bills with the right medical translation is almost as important as getting the right medication for a health issue.
Understanding the medical terms, prescriptions and medical bills may become all the more difficult for one to understand if the language is not understood by the payee. This is where it becomes inevitable to understand your medical bills with the right medical translation.
Medical translation is a trend that is becoming increasingly important for non-English speaking crowds, as in most scenarios; the medical bills are made in English as based on the medical prescriptions and health reports. This means that most of the need for medical translators around the world is growing each day, so that the medical bills can be understood in other languages as well.
In order to understand your medical bills with the right medical translation, it is important that the person or agency carrying out the translation is well equipped with the necessary qualifications so that the chances of wrong or inaccurate translation may be ruled out. As a matter of fact, it is necessary for medical translators to have been professionally certified for practicing the job of a medical translator. This helps in giving an assurance to the payee that the medical bills will be translated with a thorough knowledge and understanding of the particulars of the case and will be able to provide a clearer understanding for the payee.
When matters of health and money are combined, it becomes important to put faith in the best so that the chances of going wrong may be eradicated. Understanding your medical bill with the right medical translations may help in not only cutting out the chances of undue monetary losses but also helps in understanding the medical case in detail and knowing what exactly one is paying for. The importance of good healthcare and value for money may never be sufficiently understood unless; one knows what one is paying for. The way to future awareness and safety in monetary transactions is through finding the best in business medical translators who may be able to guide and make one understand the medical bills which otherwise may be a difficult task for a layman to understand.
It is also important to know that the medical translations of medical bills are not only easy to understand but also accurately translated, so that they may be used for future references and a hassle free report is maintained in a language that may be universally understood. Understanding medical bills with the right medical translation is almost as important as getting the right medication for a health issue.
Saturday, February 15, 2014
Literary Translation Need- The Reliable Source of Accurate and Quality
The beginnings of language approximately 100, 00 years ago, and
writing approximately 500 years ago form the foundation for the
expansion of translation. Renowned translations frequently serve as
reference points for tracing the course of beginning. Literary
translation makes the connection between cultures and languages. In the
act of literary translation, the heart of another culture becomes
visible, and the translator recreates the sophisticated sensibilities of
overseas nations and their people through the linguistic, musical,
regular, and image possibilities of the new language. Literary
translation is the translation of books within the field of literature.
Translation of literary book such as novels book, short stories book,
plays, poems book, etc. is measured a literary chase in its own right.
The liberty of translating a literary book resides principally in the option to understand the piece, to use text or words that are not essentially the translated counterparts of the original, to manipulate the content in such way that it observes the way of the author but, most highly, manages to recreate the atmosphere in a dissimilar language.
Literary needs special proficiencies and an important language background. Also, in order to tackle this kind of translation one requires being sharp about literature, to have a sure calling. Measured by various an, art’, literary translation seems to have concerned many proficient linguists principally due to its free outlook and its rewarding consequences. The appreciation people have for the innumerable prizes awarded to translators every year show literary translation.
Literary is “the supreme type of translation,” then there seems to be some anomaly in the fact that it is possibly the at least financially rewarded and that there is very small company worked. This last point could be explained by the truth that many writers and publishing firms tend to work with a chosen translator. Nevertheless, there seems to be no lack of translators willing to chase the dream of having their task published. There may be many causes for this, some of them altruistic, some of them less so.
Some literary translators identify their task to be “making a contribution, nevertheless small, to greater considerate between civilizations,” while others persevere “out of feel affection for literature.”
The extremely use and mixture of literary and translation is symptomatic of the informal way in which the ideas of literature. Since neither idea is well defined in most civilizations, defining storybook translation is the initial obstacle confronting the learned.
Many companies have a require for Literary translations management. Administrative translations cover a very wide range of Literary-related contents. This field can also include novels book, short stories book, plays, poems book and many more. Due to the frequently complex nature of Literary, translators must have in depth understanding of the topic matter in addition to a high degree of linguistic proficiency.
Literary translations are extremely in demand and have become the necessitate of the present worldwide and home market throughout the world. Thus, these services are a very significant and best source of correct and superiority documents required in the world.
The liberty of translating a literary book resides principally in the option to understand the piece, to use text or words that are not essentially the translated counterparts of the original, to manipulate the content in such way that it observes the way of the author but, most highly, manages to recreate the atmosphere in a dissimilar language.
Literary needs special proficiencies and an important language background. Also, in order to tackle this kind of translation one requires being sharp about literature, to have a sure calling. Measured by various an, art’, literary translation seems to have concerned many proficient linguists principally due to its free outlook and its rewarding consequences. The appreciation people have for the innumerable prizes awarded to translators every year show literary translation.
Literary is “the supreme type of translation,” then there seems to be some anomaly in the fact that it is possibly the at least financially rewarded and that there is very small company worked. This last point could be explained by the truth that many writers and publishing firms tend to work with a chosen translator. Nevertheless, there seems to be no lack of translators willing to chase the dream of having their task published. There may be many causes for this, some of them altruistic, some of them less so.
Some literary translators identify their task to be “making a contribution, nevertheless small, to greater considerate between civilizations,” while others persevere “out of feel affection for literature.”
The extremely use and mixture of literary and translation is symptomatic of the informal way in which the ideas of literature. Since neither idea is well defined in most civilizations, defining storybook translation is the initial obstacle confronting the learned.
Many companies have a require for Literary translations management. Administrative translations cover a very wide range of Literary-related contents. This field can also include novels book, short stories book, plays, poems book and many more. Due to the frequently complex nature of Literary, translators must have in depth understanding of the topic matter in addition to a high degree of linguistic proficiency.
Literary translations are extremely in demand and have become the necessitate of the present worldwide and home market throughout the world. Thus, these services are a very significant and best source of correct and superiority documents required in the world.
Monday, April 22, 2013
ଅନୁବାଦର ଗୁରୁତ୍ୱପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ତଥ୍ୟ
Anubaadara gurutwa puurnn tathy
ଭାଷାକୁ ଦେଶ ସହିତ ଓ ଦେଶକୁ ବିଶ୍ୱ ସହିତ ସଂଯୋଗ କରିବାର ଏକମାତ୍ର ଅବଲମ୍ବନ ହେଉଛି ଅନୁବାଦ। ଭାଷା ସାହିତ୍ୟର ଅନ୍ୟାନ୍ୟ ବିଭାଗ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଏହା ସର୍ବ ଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ। ଏହାକୁ ଏକ ସ୍ୱତନ୍ତ୍ର ବିଭାଗ ବୋଲି ବିଚାର କରିବା ଅନାବଶ୍ୟକ। ଏହାର ଆବଶ୍ୟକତା ଯୁଗେ ଯୁଗେ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ଭାଷାସାହିତ୍ୟ ପାଇଁ ରହି ଆସିଛି ଏବଂ ରହିବ ମଧ୍ୟ। ଆଜିର ବିଶ୍ୱୀକରଣ କାଳରେ ଅନୁବାଦର ଆବଶ୍ୟକତା ଅଧିକ ଅନୁଭୂତ ହେଉଛି।
ପ୍ରଥମତଃ, ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ଭାଷାସାହିତ୍ୟ ମୂଳ ଭାଷାରୁ ଶକ୍ତି ଓ ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ ଆହରଣ କରିଥାଏ, ଯେପରି ସଂସ୍କୃତରୁ ବିଭିନ୍ନ ଭାରତୀୟ ଭାଷା ଓ ଲାଟିନ୍ରୁ ଇଂରାଜୀ ସମେତ ୟୁରୋପୀୟ ଭାଷାସମୂହ ଏ ଶକ୍ତି ସବୁ କେବଳ ଅନୁବାଦ ଜରିଆରେ ପ୍ରାପ୍ତ ହୋଇଛି।
ଦ୍ୱୀତୀୟତଃ, ଅନୁବାଦ ଦ୍ୱାରା କେବଳ ଭାଷା ନୁହେଁ, ସାମାଜିକ ଜୀବନ, ସଂସ୍କୃତି ଓ ରାଜନୈତିକ କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ ଏହାର ଆବଶ୍ୟକତା ସମସ୍ତେ ହୃଦୟଙ୍ଗମ କରନ୍ତି।
ଭାରତ ଭଳି ଗୋଟିଏ ବହୁଭାଷୀ ଦେଶରେ କେବଳ ବିଭିନ୍ନ ଭାଷାମାନଙ୍କର ଆଦାନପ୍ରଦାନ ଦ୍ୱାରା ହିଁ ଭାରତୀୟ ସାହିତ୍ୟର ପ୍ରକୃତ ରୂପ ବିକଶିତ ହୋଇପାରିବ ଏବଂ ଜାତୀୟ ସଂହତି ସ୍ଥାପିତ କରାଯାଇ ପାରିବ। ବିଶ୍ୱ ସାହିତ୍ୟ ପାଇଁ ମଧ୍ୟ ଏହା ପ୍ରଯୁଜ୍ୟ। ଲାଟିନ୍ ଭାଷାକୁ ଆମୂଳଚୂଳ ଅନୁବାଦ କରି ଏକଦା ଇଂରାଜୀ ସାହିତ୍ୟ କେବଳ ସୁସ୍ଥତାତା ଲାଭ କଲା ନାହିଁ; ଏହା ପରିପୁଷ୍ଟ ହୋଇ ଅମରତ୍ୱ ମଧ୍ୟ ହାସଲ କରିନେଲା। କୌଣସି ଭାଷା ମାଧ୍ୟମରେ ହିଁ ଅନୁବାଦ ସାହିତ୍ୟ ଗୋଟିଏ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତୀୟ ଭାଷାରେ ଅନୂଦିତ ହୁଏ ଆଉ ବିଶ୍ୱର କେଉଁ ଗୋଟିଏ ଗାଁ ମାଟିର ମଣିଷଟି ତା’ କଥିତ ଭାଷାରେ ଆମୋଦିତ ହୁଏ ଏହାହିଁ ତ ‘ବିଶ୍ୱ’ର ପରିକଳ୍ପନା ସାକାର ହୋଇଥିବାର ଗୋଟିଏ ବଡ଼ ପ୍ରମାଣ।
ଅନୁବାଦର ପ୍ରକାର:-
ଅନୁବାଦ ମୁଖ୍ୟତ କରିବା ପାଇଁ କେତେକ ବିଶେଷରେ ଦୃଷ୍ଠି ଦେବାକୁ ଆବଶ୍ୟକ, ଯଥା-
ପ୍ରଥମତଃ ଅନୁବାଦ ମୌଖିକ ଏବଂ ଲିଖିତ, ମିଶ୍ରିତ ବା Computer/Machine ଦ୍ୱାରା ଅନୁବାଦିତ ହୁଏ। ତେଣୁ ଅନୁବାଦ କରିବା ସମୟରେ ବିଷୟ ପ୍ରତି ଧ୍ୟାନ ଦେବାକୁ ହୁଏ।
• ପ୍ରଶାସନିକ ଅନୁବାଦ
• ବାନିଜ୍ୟିକ ଅନୁବାଦ
• Computer ଅନୁବାଦ
• ଅର୍ଥନୈତିକ ଅନୁବାଦ
• ଆର୍ଥିକ ଅନୁବାଦ
• ସାଧାରଣ ଅନୁବାଦ
• ଆଇନ ଅନୁବାଦ
• ଆକ୍ଷରିକ ଅନୁବାଦ
• ଔଷଧିକ ଅନୁବାଦ
• ପ୍ରଯୁକ୍ତିଗତ ଅନୁବାଦ
ପଦକ୍ଷେପ:-
ଓଡ଼ିଶା ସାହିତ୍ୟର ପ୍ରଗତି ଦିଗରେ କିଛି ପଦକ୍ଷେପ ନେଇଛନ୍ତି, ଏକବିଂଶ ଶତାବ୍ଦୀରେ ବିଶ୍ୱବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ମାନଙ୍କରେ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଭାଷା ଉନ୍ନତି ପାଇଁ ଖୋଲା ଯାଇଛି “ଭାଷା କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ବା Language Center”, ଏହା ଖୋଲିବା ପରଠାରୁ କେତେକାଂଶରେ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ସାହିତ୍ୟରେ କମ୍ପ୍ୟୁଟର ର ପ୍ରବେଶ କରିବା ସହିତ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଛାତ୍ରଛାତ୍ରୀ ମାନଙ୍କର ଏହି ଆଧୁନିକ ସମାଜରେ ଅନ୍ୟ ଛାତ୍ରଛାତ୍ରୀଙ୍କ ନିକଟରେ ଠିଆ ହେବା ପାଇଁ ପଥଟିଏ ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରିଛି। ଏହି ବିଭାଗ ଦ୍ୱାରା ସ୍ନାତକ ଏବଂ ସ୍ନାତକୋତ୍ତରର ଛାତ୍ରଛାତ୍ରୀମାନଙ୍କର ପାଠସୂଚିରେ ଅନୁବାଦ ନାମକ ଏକ ପାଠ ଯୋଗ କରାଯାଇଛି। ଯାହା ଦ୍ୱାରା ଛାତ୍ରଛାତ୍ରୀମାନେ ଅନୁବାଦ ଜଗତରେ ଏକ ନୂତନ ସ୍ଥାନ ପାଇଛି ଏବଂ ଏହି ଉଦ୍ୟାମ ଦ୍ୱାରା ଓଡ଼ିଶା ଅନୁବାଦ ବା ଅନ୍ୟ ସାହିତ୍ୟକୁ ଓଡ଼ିଆରେ ଅନୁବାଦ କରି ପଡ଼ୋଶୀ ରାଜ୍ୟ ବା ଦେଶର ସାହିତ୍ୟରେ ପ୍ରବେଶ ଲାଗ କରେବାରେ ଛାତ୍ରଛାତ୍ରୀମାନଙ୍କ ଠାରୁ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ଏକ ଉଦ୍ୟାମ କରୁଛନ୍ତି। ସେହି ଏକ କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ର ଚେଷ୍ଠା ଯାହା ଦିନେ ଆରମ୍ଭ ହୋଇଥିଲା, ତାହା ଏବେ ଆମର ବୃହତ୍ତର ସ୍ୱାର୍ଥକୁ ଉଜ୍ଜୀବିତ କରିବା ସହିତ ଅଧିକରୁ ଅଧିକ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ସାହିତ୍ୟିକଙ୍କୁ ଅନୁବାଦ କର୍ମରେ ଆଗ୍ରହୀ କରାଇ ପାରିଛି।
ଅନୁବାଦ କରିବା ସମୟରେ ବିଶେଷ ଦୃଷ୍ଟି:-
୧-ବିଷୟ ଅନୁସାରେ ଅନୁବାଦ।
୨-ବିଶେଷ ଭାବରେ ଅନୁବାଦ କରିବା ପାଇଁ ଦିଆଯାଇ ଥିବା ସୂଚନାକୁ ପଡ଼ିବା।
୩-ଅନୁବାଦ କରିବା ସମୟରେ ବିଶେଷ ଭାବରେ Glossary ପ୍ରତି ଧ୍ୟାନ ଦେବା ଆବଶ୍ୟକ।
ଉଦାହରଣ:-
ଏହି ପରିସ୍ଥିରେ ଅନୁବାଦକଙ୍କୁ ଧ୍ୟାନ ଦେବାକୁ ହେବ ଯେ Glossary ରେ ଶବ୍ଦ କ’ଣ ଦିଆଯାଇଛି। ଏହା ପରେ Glossary ରେ ଦିଆଯାଇ ଥିବା ଶବ୍ଦ ଅନୁସାରେ ଅନୁବାଦ କରାଯିବା ଆବଶ୍ୟକ। ଏହ କରାଗଲେ ଅନୁବାଦର Quality ଭଲ ହେବ। କିନ୍ତୁ କିଛି କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ Glossary ରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ଶବ୍ଦକୁ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରିପାରିବା ନାହିଁ କାରଣ ବାକ୍ୟ ଅନୁସାରେ ସଠିକ ଶବ୍ଦର ପ୍ରୟୋଗ ନହେଲେ ବାକ୍ୟ ସଠିକ ଅର୍ଥର ଲୋପ ଘଟିବ।
ଭାଷାକୁ ଦେଶ ସହିତ ଓ ଦେଶକୁ ବିଶ୍ୱ ସହିତ ସଂଯୋଗ କରିବାର ଏକମାତ୍ର ଅବଲମ୍ବନ ହେଉଛି ଅନୁବାଦ। ଭାଷା ସାହିତ୍ୟର ଅନ୍ୟାନ୍ୟ ବିଭାଗ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଏହା ସର୍ବ ଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ। ଏହାକୁ ଏକ ସ୍ୱତନ୍ତ୍ର ବିଭାଗ ବୋଲି ବିଚାର କରିବା ଅନାବଶ୍ୟକ। ଏହାର ଆବଶ୍ୟକତା ଯୁଗେ ଯୁଗେ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ଭାଷାସାହିତ୍ୟ ପାଇଁ ରହି ଆସିଛି ଏବଂ ରହିବ ମଧ୍ୟ। ଆଜିର ବିଶ୍ୱୀକରଣ କାଳରେ ଅନୁବାଦର ଆବଶ୍ୟକତା ଅଧିକ ଅନୁଭୂତ ହେଉଛି।
ପ୍ରଥମତଃ, ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ଭାଷାସାହିତ୍ୟ ମୂଳ ଭାଷାରୁ ଶକ୍ତି ଓ ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ ଆହରଣ କରିଥାଏ, ଯେପରି ସଂସ୍କୃତରୁ ବିଭିନ୍ନ ଭାରତୀୟ ଭାଷା ଓ ଲାଟିନ୍ରୁ ଇଂରାଜୀ ସମେତ ୟୁରୋପୀୟ ଭାଷାସମୂହ ଏ ଶକ୍ତି ସବୁ କେବଳ ଅନୁବାଦ ଜରିଆରେ ପ୍ରାପ୍ତ ହୋଇଛି।
ଦ୍ୱୀତୀୟତଃ, ଅନୁବାଦ ଦ୍ୱାରା କେବଳ ଭାଷା ନୁହେଁ, ସାମାଜିକ ଜୀବନ, ସଂସ୍କୃତି ଓ ରାଜନୈତିକ କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ ଏହାର ଆବଶ୍ୟକତା ସମସ୍ତେ ହୃଦୟଙ୍ଗମ କରନ୍ତି।
ଭାରତ ଭଳି ଗୋଟିଏ ବହୁଭାଷୀ ଦେଶରେ କେବଳ ବିଭିନ୍ନ ଭାଷାମାନଙ୍କର ଆଦାନପ୍ରଦାନ ଦ୍ୱାରା ହିଁ ଭାରତୀୟ ସାହିତ୍ୟର ପ୍ରକୃତ ରୂପ ବିକଶିତ ହୋଇପାରିବ ଏବଂ ଜାତୀୟ ସଂହତି ସ୍ଥାପିତ କରାଯାଇ ପାରିବ। ବିଶ୍ୱ ସାହିତ୍ୟ ପାଇଁ ମଧ୍ୟ ଏହା ପ୍ରଯୁଜ୍ୟ। ଲାଟିନ୍ ଭାଷାକୁ ଆମୂଳଚୂଳ ଅନୁବାଦ କରି ଏକଦା ଇଂରାଜୀ ସାହିତ୍ୟ କେବଳ ସୁସ୍ଥତାତା ଲାଭ କଲା ନାହିଁ; ଏହା ପରିପୁଷ୍ଟ ହୋଇ ଅମରତ୍ୱ ମଧ୍ୟ ହାସଲ କରିନେଲା। କୌଣସି ଭାଷା ମାଧ୍ୟମରେ ହିଁ ଅନୁବାଦ ସାହିତ୍ୟ ଗୋଟିଏ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତୀୟ ଭାଷାରେ ଅନୂଦିତ ହୁଏ ଆଉ ବିଶ୍ୱର କେଉଁ ଗୋଟିଏ ଗାଁ ମାଟିର ମଣିଷଟି ତା’ କଥିତ ଭାଷାରେ ଆମୋଦିତ ହୁଏ ଏହାହିଁ ତ ‘ବିଶ୍ୱ’ର ପରିକଳ୍ପନା ସାକାର ହୋଇଥିବାର ଗୋଟିଏ ବଡ଼ ପ୍ରମାଣ।
ଅନୁବାଦର ପ୍ରକାର:-
ଅନୁବାଦ ମୁଖ୍ୟତ କରିବା ପାଇଁ କେତେକ ବିଶେଷରେ ଦୃଷ୍ଠି ଦେବାକୁ ଆବଶ୍ୟକ, ଯଥା-
ପ୍ରଥମତଃ ଅନୁବାଦ ମୌଖିକ ଏବଂ ଲିଖିତ, ମିଶ୍ରିତ ବା Computer/Machine ଦ୍ୱାରା ଅନୁବାଦିତ ହୁଏ। ତେଣୁ ଅନୁବାଦ କରିବା ସମୟରେ ବିଷୟ ପ୍ରତି ଧ୍ୟାନ ଦେବାକୁ ହୁଏ।
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• Computer ଅନୁବାଦ
• ଅର୍ଥନୈତିକ ଅନୁବାଦ
• ଆର୍ଥିକ ଅନୁବାଦ
• ସାଧାରଣ ଅନୁବାଦ
• ଆଇନ ଅନୁବାଦ
• ଆକ୍ଷରିକ ଅନୁବାଦ
• ଔଷଧିକ ଅନୁବାଦ
• ପ୍ରଯୁକ୍ତିଗତ ଅନୁବାଦ
ପଦକ୍ଷେପ:-
ଓଡ଼ିଶା ସାହିତ୍ୟର ପ୍ରଗତି ଦିଗରେ କିଛି ପଦକ୍ଷେପ ନେଇଛନ୍ତି, ଏକବିଂଶ ଶତାବ୍ଦୀରେ ବିଶ୍ୱବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟ ମାନଙ୍କରେ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଭାଷା ଉନ୍ନତି ପାଇଁ ଖୋଲା ଯାଇଛି “ଭାଷା କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ବା Language Center”, ଏହା ଖୋଲିବା ପରଠାରୁ କେତେକାଂଶରେ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ସାହିତ୍ୟରେ କମ୍ପ୍ୟୁଟର ର ପ୍ରବେଶ କରିବା ସହିତ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଛାତ୍ରଛାତ୍ରୀ ମାନଙ୍କର ଏହି ଆଧୁନିକ ସମାଜରେ ଅନ୍ୟ ଛାତ୍ରଛାତ୍ରୀଙ୍କ ନିକଟରେ ଠିଆ ହେବା ପାଇଁ ପଥଟିଏ ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରିଛି। ଏହି ବିଭାଗ ଦ୍ୱାରା ସ୍ନାତକ ଏବଂ ସ୍ନାତକୋତ୍ତରର ଛାତ୍ରଛାତ୍ରୀମାନଙ୍କର ପାଠସୂଚିରେ ଅନୁବାଦ ନାମକ ଏକ ପାଠ ଯୋଗ କରାଯାଇଛି। ଯାହା ଦ୍ୱାରା ଛାତ୍ରଛାତ୍ରୀମାନେ ଅନୁବାଦ ଜଗତରେ ଏକ ନୂତନ ସ୍ଥାନ ପାଇଛି ଏବଂ ଏହି ଉଦ୍ୟାମ ଦ୍ୱାରା ଓଡ଼ିଶା ଅନୁବାଦ ବା ଅନ୍ୟ ସାହିତ୍ୟକୁ ଓଡ଼ିଆରେ ଅନୁବାଦ କରି ପଡ଼ୋଶୀ ରାଜ୍ୟ ବା ଦେଶର ସାହିତ୍ୟରେ ପ୍ରବେଶ ଲାଗ କରେବାରେ ଛାତ୍ରଛାତ୍ରୀମାନଙ୍କ ଠାରୁ ଶିକ୍ଷକ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ଏକ ଉଦ୍ୟାମ କରୁଛନ୍ତି। ସେହି ଏକ କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ର ଚେଷ୍ଠା ଯାହା ଦିନେ ଆରମ୍ଭ ହୋଇଥିଲା, ତାହା ଏବେ ଆମର ବୃହତ୍ତର ସ୍ୱାର୍ଥକୁ ଉଜ୍ଜୀବିତ କରିବା ସହିତ ଅଧିକରୁ ଅଧିକ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ସାହିତ୍ୟିକଙ୍କୁ ଅନୁବାଦ କର୍ମରେ ଆଗ୍ରହୀ କରାଇ ପାରିଛି।
ଅନୁବାଦ କରିବା ସମୟରେ ବିଶେଷ ଦୃଷ୍ଟି:-
୧-ବିଷୟ ଅନୁସାରେ ଅନୁବାଦ।
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୩-ଅନୁବାଦ କରିବା ସମୟରେ ବିଶେଷ ଭାବରେ Glossary ପ୍ରତି ଧ୍ୟାନ ଦେବା ଆବଶ୍ୟକ।
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ଏହି ପରିସ୍ଥିରେ ଅନୁବାଦକଙ୍କୁ ଧ୍ୟାନ ଦେବାକୁ ହେବ ଯେ Glossary ରେ ଶବ୍ଦ କ’ଣ ଦିଆଯାଇଛି। ଏହା ପରେ Glossary ରେ ଦିଆଯାଇ ଥିବା ଶବ୍ଦ ଅନୁସାରେ ଅନୁବାଦ କରାଯିବା ଆବଶ୍ୟକ। ଏହ କରାଗଲେ ଅନୁବାଦର Quality ଭଲ ହେବ। କିନ୍ତୁ କିଛି କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ Glossary ରେ ଦିଆଯାଇଥିବା ଶବ୍ଦକୁ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରିପାରିବା ନାହିଁ କାରଣ ବାକ୍ୟ ଅନୁସାରେ ସଠିକ ଶବ୍ଦର ପ୍ରୟୋଗ ନହେଲେ ବାକ୍ୟ ସଠିକ ଅର୍ଥର ଲୋପ ଘଟିବ।
Tuesday, January 22, 2013
অসমীয়া আৰু বাংলা ভাষাৰ মাজৰ সম্পৰ্ক
Relationship between Assamese and Bengali Language
অসমীয়া ভাষা হৈছে পূৰ্বভাৰতীয়-আৰ্য ভাষা৷এই ভাষা প্ৰধানকৈ উত্তৰ-পূব ভাৰতৰ অসমত
কোৱা হয়৷ অসমৰ ৰাজ্যিক ভাষা হ’ল অসমীয়া৷ অসমৰ
বাহিৰেও পূৰ্বোত্তৰৰ অন্য ৰাজ্যসমূহতো অসমীয়া ভাষা ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা দেখা যায়যেনে-অৰুণাচলপ্ৰদেশ, মেঘালয় ,নাগালেণ্ড৷তাৰোপৰি দাঁতিকাষৰীয়া ভূটান, বাংলাদেশ আৰু ম্যানমাৰৰ দৰে দেশতো অসমীয়া ভাষা ব্যৱহৃত হয়৷ নাগালেণ্ডত অসমীয়া মিশ্ৰিত নাগামীজ ভাষা কোৱা হয়৷অসমীয়া ভাষাৰ এক সমৃদ্ধ
সাহিত্য আৰু সংস্কৃতি আছে৷ গোটেই বিশ্বজুৰি কমেও তিনি কোটি মানুহে এই ভাষা ব্যৱ্হাৰ কৰে৷
বাংলা ভাষাও এটা সমৃদ্ধ ভাষা৷ 1836
চনৰ পৰা 1882 চনলৈ অসমৰ ৰাজ্যিক ভাষা বাংলা আছিল৷ বৰ্তমান বাংলাভাষা পশ্চিমবংগ, ত্ৰিপুৰা আৰু বাংলাদেশৰ মুখ্য ভাষা৷ বিশ্বতপ্ৰায় 20 কোটি মানুহে এই ভাষা
ব্যৱ্হাৰ কৰে৷ বিশ্বৰ কথিত ভাষাসমূহৰ ভিতৰত ইয়াৰ স্থান পঞ্চম৷ ভাৰতত ইয়াৰ স্থান
দ্বিতীয়৷
ভাৰতবৰ্ষ এনেকুৱা এখন ৰাষ্ট্ৰ য’ত বিভিন্ন ভাষা, বিভিন্ন জাতি আৰু বিভিন্ন ধৰ্মৰ লোক বাস
কৰে৷ এই ভাষাবোৰ বিভিন্ন ভাষা-গোষ্ঠীৰ অন্তৰ্গত৷ ভাৰতত
পাঁচ প্ৰকাৰৰ ভাষা-গোষ্ঠী আছে সেইবোৰ হ’ল আৰ্য্য, দ্ৰাবিড় অষ্ট্ৰ-এছিয়াটিক আৰু চীন-তিব্বতীয়
ভাষা গোষ্ঠী৷ আৰ্য্য ভাষা ভাৰতত প্ৰচলিত
সকলোতকৈ ডাঙৰ ভাষা গোষ্ঠী৷ এই ভাষাৰ অন্তৰ্গত ভাষাবোৰ হ’ল-হিন্দী, অসমীয়া, বাংলা, মাৰাঠী, গুজৰাটি, পাঞ্জাৱী, উড়িয়া, উৰ্দু, নেপালী আদি৷ দ্বিতীয়তে, দ্ৰাবিড় ভাষাগোষ্ঠী৷ এই ভাষা বিশেষকৈ দক্ষিণ
ভাৰতত ব্যৱ্হাৰ কৰা হয়৷ইয়াৰ অন্তৰ্গত ভাষাবোৰ হ’ল-তামিল, তেলেগু, মালায়ালম, কানাড়া আদি৷
সিংহলী, কুৰমালি, চাৱৰা আদি অষ্ট্ৰ-এছিয়াটিক ভাষাগোষ্ঠীৰ অন্তৰ্গত৷ মূখ্যৰূপে এই ভাষা ঝাৰখণ্ড, উৰিষ্যা, পশ্চিম-বংগআৰু অসমৰ কোনো কোনো স্থানত ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়৷চীন-তিব্বতীয়
ভাষাগোষ্ঠীৰ অন্তৰ্গত ভাষাবোৰ হ’ল- নগা, মিজো, মণিপুৰি, খাছী, দফলা, তাংগখূল, আও আদি৷ এই ভাষা বিশেষকৈ উত্তৰ-পূৰ্বাঞ্চলৰ ৰাজ্য
সমূহত কোৱা হয়৷ভাৰতত চীন-তিব্বতীয় ভাষা গোষ্ঠীয়েই সকলোতকৈ
সৰু ভাষা গোষ্ঠী৷ইয়াৰোপৰি ভাৰতত ইণ্ডো ইউৰোপীয় ভাষাগোষ্ঠীৰো প্ৰচলন আছিল৷
বৰ্তমান ভাৰতত প্ৰচলিত ভাষাসমূহৰ ভিতৰত কেৱল অসমীয়া ভাষাতহে এই ভাষাগোষ্ঠীৰ অনূদান
দেখা যায়৷
উপৰোক্ত
চৰ্চাৰ পৰা দেখা যায় যে অসমীয়া আৰু বাংলা এই
দুয়োটা একে ভাষা গোষ্ঠীৰ সদস্য৷
গতিকে এই দুয়োটা ভাষাৰ মাজত বহুতো মিল আছে৷ এই দুয়োটা ভাষা সংস্কৃত ভাষাৰ পৰা সমান্তৰালভাৱে
উত্পত্তি
হৈছে৷ এই দুয়োটা ভাষাৰ বৰ্ণসংখ্যা প্ৰায় সমান৷ এই দুয়োটা ভাষাৰ বৰ্ণবোৰ দেখাতো প্ৰায়
একে৷ কেৱ্ল অসমীয়া ভাষাৰ বৰ্ণ ‘ৰ’ বাংলা
ভাষাত বেলেগ ধৰণে লিখা হয়৷ ইয়াৰ উপৰিও অসমীয়া ভাষাৰ ‘ৱ'বাংলাত
নাই৷ এই দুয়োটা
ভাষা সংস্কৃতৰ পৰা উত্পত্তি
হ’লেও
ইয়াৰ শব্দসমূহৰ অৰ্থ সম্পূৰ্ণ বেলেগ হয়৷ উদাহৰণস্বৰূপে অসমীয়া
শব্দ যেনে-জুইআৰু পানী৷ বাংলাত এই
দুটা শব্দৰ অৰ্থ হ’ল-আগুন আৰু জল৷ অসমীয়া আৰু বাংলা
ভাষাৰ ব্যাকৰণতো ব্যতিক্ৰম দেখা যায়৷তাৰোপৰি
অসমীয়া ভাষাত নকাৰাত্মকবোধৰ বাবে বিভিন্ন ধাতুৰ প্ৰয়োগ কৰা হয়৷কিন্তু
বাংলা ভাষাত
নকাৰাত্মক কোনো ধাতুৰ প্ৰয়োগ নহয়৷
অসমীয়া ভাষাত নিশ্চিয়তা বুজাবলৈ টো, জন, জনী, ডাল, খন,
জোপা আদি প্ৰত্যয় প্ৰয়োগ
কৰা হয় কিন্তু বাংলা ভাষাত
ইয়াৰ কোনো সমতুল্য প্ৰত্যয় পোৱা
নাযায়৷ অসমীয়া ভাষাৰ উচ্চাৰণ বাংলা ভাষাতকৈ ভিন্ন
হয়৷ অসমীয়া ভাষাৰ
স্বৰবৰ্ণৰ উচ্চাৰণ বাংলা ভাষাৰ উচ্চাৰণতকৈ ভিন্ন
হয়৷
অসমীয়া
আৰু বাংলা দুয়োটা
ভাষাৰেই বৃহত্ সাহিত্য
ভাণ্ডাৰ আছে৷ আজি আমি অনুবাদৰ মাধ্যমেৰে এই
দুয়োটা ভাষাৰ সাহিত্যক জানিব পাৰিছো৷ সেয়েহে অনুবাদক
আমি সেতু আখ্যা দিব পাৰো৷
অসমৰ
সাহিত্য-সংস্কৃতিত মিশ্ৰিত ভাৱধাৰা দেখা যায়৷
ইয়াৰ প্ৰভাৱ ভাষাৰ ক্ষেত্ৰতো দেখা যায়৷
অসমীয়া ভাষাত বাংলা ভাষাৰ
শব্দ আৰু বাংলা ভাষাত
অসমীয়া ভাষাৰ বিভিন্ন শব্দৰ প্ৰয়োগ দেখা যায়৷ ইয়াৰ
কাৰণ হৈছে এই দুয়োটা একে ভাষাগোষ্ঠীৰ অংগ৷
শেষত, বিভিন্ন
ভাষাৰ মাজত যিমানেই পাৰ্থক্য নাথাকক কিয় ভাষাৰ উদ্দেশ্য হ’ল
শুদ্ধভাৱে আৰু
সহজভাৱে কৰা
সম্ভাষণ৷ অসমীয়া আৰু বাংলা
দুয়োটা ভাষায়েই সহজ আৰু সৰল যাৰ কাৰণে ইয়াক সহজে বুজিব পাৰি৷ তাৰোপৰি এই দুয়োটা
ভাষা একেবাৰে নিকট সম্পৰ্কীয় ভাষা৷ নিজৰ-নিজৰ
স্থানত অসমীয়া আৰু বাংলা দুয়োটা ভাষাই বিশেষ আসন
দখল কৰিছে৷
বৰ্তমান
সোম্যা ট্ৰান্সলেটৰ প্ৰাইভেট লিমিটেডত(দিল্লী)কোম্পানীত অসমীয়া ভাষাৰ পৰিযোজনা সমন্বয়ক
ৰূপে কাৰ্য্যৰত। অসমীয়া ভাষাত অনুবাদ,
লেখন,
সম্পাদন,
সমীক্ষা আদি কাৰ্য্য কৰে।
Saturday, January 12, 2013
हिंदी से असमिया अनुवाद के लिए प्रभावी सुझाव
(An effective remedy for Hindi to Assamese Translation)
असमिया भाषा का संक्षिप्त परिचय:
असम भारत के पूर्व प्रांत में अवस्थित है। सात बहनों के राज्यों में से यह एक प्रमुख राज्य है। असम की भाषा को असमी, असमिया, आसामी कहा जाता है। इस भाषा का संबंध आर्य भाषा परिवार से है। इसलिए इसका संबंध बांग्ला, मैथिली, उडि़या, और नेपाली से निकट का है।
असमिया भाषा के शब्द समूह में संस्कृगत, तद्भव तथा देशज के अतिरिक्ति विदेशी भाषाओं के शब्द भी मिलते हैं। सामान्यत: इस भाषा में तद्भव शब्दों की ही प्रधानता है।
प्रथम असमिया अनुवाद:
सन 1819 ई. में अमरीकी बेप्टिस्ट पादरियों द्वारा प्रकाशित असमिया गद्य में बाईबिल के अनुवाद से असमिया अनुवाद का इतिहास तथा असमिया साहित्य के आधुनिक काल का आरंभ माना जाता है। आगे चलकर सन 1846 ई. में इन्ही पादरियों द्वारा प्रथम असमिया पत्रिका “अरुणोदय” नामक एक मासिक पत्रिका प्रकाशित किया गया। इसके संपादक डॉ. नाथन ब्राउन थे। यह असमिया जन-जीवन के लिए “ज्ञान-सूर्य” का काम किया। इसी पत्रिका के प्रथम अंक में जान बुलियन के “पिलग्रिम प्रोग्रेस” नामक अंग्रेजी उपन्यास का असमिया अनुवाद “जात्रिकर जात्रा” (यात्री की यात्रा) प्रकाशित हुआ। इस प्रकार इस पत्रिका में विभिन्न भारतीय भाषाओं (विशेषकर अंग्रेजी, बांग्ला आदि) से अनूदित साहित्य को महत्व देते हुए छपते थे। काल-क्रमानुसार इसी के अनुकरण पर अनेक अनूदित साहित्य, पत्रिका और अनुवादक के जन्म हुए हैं।
असमिया अनुवादक के लिए कुछ प्रभावी सुझाव:
सन 1819 ई. से अब तक के समय सीमा के अदंर असमिया साहित्य और असमिया अनुवादक अनेक समस्याओं से गुजर चुके हैं। इसका कारण है सभी भाषाएं अपनी-अपनी प्रकृति तथा विशेषताओं के साथ प्रवाहित है। आप जानते है कि “भाषा बहता नीर है”। इस दिशा में अनुवादक को ऐसा होना चाहिए कि वह बिलकुल निष्पिक्ष/निरपेक्ष होकर लक्ष्य” भाषा की प्रकृति के अनुसार अनुवाद करें। निम्नलिखित रूप में असमिया अनुवादक के लिए कुछ महत्वपूर्ण सुझाव हैं-
1. अनुवादक को अनुवाद कार्य शुरू करने से पहले हिंदी के मूल-पाठ को कम से कम एकबार अच्छी तरह पढ़कर कथन-सार तथा शैली का अंदाजा लगा लेना चाहिए।
2. पाठकवर्ग को पहचानकर अनुवाद करना चाहिए। हिंदी पूरे भारतवर्ष की भाषा है और असमिया एक क्षेत्रीय भाषा है। असमिया के अलावा असम में विभिन्न भाषा-भाषी (बोड़ो, कार्बी, मिचिंग, डिमाचा और अन्यह) के लोग निवास करते हैं। इसलिए असमिया भाषा-संस्कृीति के अनुसार अनुवाद होना चाहिए ताकि सिर्फ आप नहीं आपके पड़ोसी भी इसे समझे।
3. अनुवाद करते समय अनुवादक को लोकोक्तियों और मुहावरों को पहचानना बहुत आवश्यक हैं। इसलिए अनुवादक को असमिया भाषा के मौखिक और लिखित दोनों रूपों पर अच्छी पकड़ होनी चाहिए।
4. असमिया अनुवादक को क्षेत्रीय या आंचलिक लहजों/रूपों (नगांव की असमिया, जोरहाटिया असमिया, बरपेटीया असमिया, खरूपेटीया असमिया, ग्वालपरिया असमिया) से बचना चाहिए। जहां तक संभव हो सके भाषा को सामान्य मानक बोलचाल वाली भाषा के करीब रखने की कोशिश करनी चाहिए।
5. स्रोत पाठों के विचारों, विषयों, धारणाओं को व्यक्त करने वाले पदों का भावानुवाद करना चाहिए, शब्दानुवाद नहीं। इनके लिए असमिया के ऐसे शब्दों या शब्दयुग्मों का प्रयोग करना चाहिए जो पाठक को संबंधित विषय को सबसे बढि़या तरीके से समझा पाएं, आम रोजमर्रा जीवन से कोई समतुल्य विचार ढूंढ़ कर लेने से वह शबद सबसे बेहतर काम करेगा।
6. असमिया अनुवाद में व्यवहार के लिए मूल विदेशी शब्दों के ग्रहण में इस बात का ध्यान रखना चाहिए कि उनका यथोचित बदलाव हो सके। इसके अतिरिक्त वह आम जनता द्वारा बोलने में आसान हो और उसे मौजूदा उपलब्ध अक्षरों/चिह्नों की मदद से लिखा जा सके। व्यक्तिगत सुविधा के लिए कभी भी नए अक्षर या चिह्न मत गढ़ें।
7. अनावश्यक जटिलता से बचना चाहिए। कठिन शब्द के लिए शब्दकोश से आसान और प्रचलित शब्द को ले लेना चाहिए। शब्द चुनने में कठिनाई आने पर जानकार व्यक्ति से पूछ लेना चाहिए। क्योंकि भिन्न अर्थ बताने वाले शब्द को ग्रहण करने पर आपका अनुवाद हास्यास्पोद बन सकता है।
Friday, January 4, 2013
हिंदी अनुवाद की मांग और अनुवादक के बढ़ते कदम
Demands of Hindi Translation and Translators keep growing
‘अनुवाद’ संस्कृत का तत्सम शब्द
है।प्राचीन भारत में शिक्षा-दीक्षा की मौखिक परंपरा के अनुसार गुरुजी जो कहते थे,
शिष्य उसे दुहराते थे। उनदिनों गुरु की बात को दुहराने वाले को अनुवादक कहा जाता
था।
आधुनिक साहित्य में अनुवाद
शब्द के अर्थ का विकास या परिवर्तंन हो जाने के कारण प्राचीन अर्थ मान्य नहीं रह गया
हैं। अब एक भाषा में लिखे या कहे हुए विषय को दूसरी भाषा में रूपांरित करना ‘अनुवाद’
कहा जाता है।
विभिन्न
भाषाओं में अनुवाद:
‘अनुवाद’ विभिन्न भाषाओं के बीच का सेतु है। अंग्रेजी में इसको ‘ट्रांसलेशन’, फ्रैंस में ‘द्रुडुक्शन’, अरबी में ‘तर्जुमा’, तमिल में ‘मोळोपेयरपु’ और तेलुगु में ‘अनुवादमु’ तथा ‘तर्जुमा’ और कन्नड़ तथा मराठी में ‘अनुवाद’, पंजाबी में ‘उलथा’, ‘अनुवाद’, कश्मीरी में ‘तरजुमा’, सिंधी में ‘तर्जुमों’, ‘अनुवाद’ आदि कहा जाता है. इसी प्रकार मलयालम भाषा में अनुवाद के पर्याय के रूप में पोरुलितरिप्पू, भाषांतरं, पारिभाषिकं, अनुवादं और तर्ज्जमा प्रचलित हैं।
अनुवाद
की परिभाषा:
दरअसल, ‘अनुवाद’ शब्द का
संबंध ‘वद’ धातु से है, जिसका अर्थ है ‘बोलना’ या ‘कहना’। अनुवाद+वाद=अनुवाद=
पुन:कथन/किसी के कहने के बादकहना। अनुवाद के संबंध में नायडो, कैटफोर्ट, फरस्टोन,
भोलानाथ तिवारी आदि विद्वानों ने अनेक परिभाषाएं दी है।
“स्रोत-भाषा में प्रसतुत रचना और लक्ष्य-भाषा में
प्रस्तावित रचना के मध्य निकटतम, सहज समतुल्यता की स्थापना ही अनुवाद है।”
हिंदी
अनुवादक (Hindi Translators)
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14
14 ाि
14 सितंबर, 1949 को हिंदी भाषा को राजभाषा के रूप में स्वीकृत होने के बाद ही हिंदी अनुवादक की मांग बढ़ गयी है। यह मांग दरअसल हिंदी के प्रचार-प्रसार के लिए है। हिंदी अनुवादक मात्र हिंदी अनुवाद का काम करते हैं। हिंदी को विश्व की सभी भाषाओं की तरह महत्व दिलाने के लिए अनेक देशों के हिंदी अनुवादक संघर्षरत हैं। इस संघर्ष में हिंदी अनुवादक अपनी भूमिका निभाने के लिए प्रतिबद्ध है।
14 सितंबर, 1949 को हिंदी भाषा को राजभाषा के रूप में स्वीकृत होने के बाद ही हिंदी अनुवादक की मांग बढ़ गयी है। यह मांग दरअसल हिंदी के प्रचार-प्रसार के लिए है। हिंदी अनुवादक मात्र हिंदी अनुवाद का काम करते हैं। हिंदी को विश्व की सभी भाषाओं की तरह महत्व दिलाने के लिए अनेक देशों के हिंदी अनुवादक संघर्षरत हैं। इस संघर्ष में हिंदी अनुवादक अपनी भूमिका निभाने के लिए प्रतिबद्ध है।
हिंदी की प्रगति के लिए हमें मिल-जुलकर
प्रयत्न करना होगा। मानक हिंदी, व्याकरण आदि से संबंधित ऐसे अनेक
प्रश्न हैं जिन पर विचार-विमर्श करना आवश्यक है। भाषा गतिशील होती है। व्याकरण भी
समय के साथ बदलता है। आज इंटरनेट के माध्यम से अपने विचार दूसरों तक पहुँचाना बहुत
आसान हो गया है। आशा है कि इस समूह के सदस्य भाषा के संदर्भ में यथास्थितिवाद का
विरोध करते हुए संवाद और विचार-विमर्श की प्रक्रिया को आगे बढ़ाने में हिंदी
अनुवादक महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाएँगे।
हिंदी
अनुवाद सेवाएं:
विश्व भर में अनेक कंपनियांअंग्रेज़ी से हिंदी व हिंदी से अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद
सेवाएँ उपलब्ध कराती है।इनके द्वारा किया गया हिंदी अनुवाद पेशेवर स्तर का होता है
और ये ग्राहकों की विशेष आवश्यकताओं को पूरा करने की गारंटी लेते हैं।उचित कीमत पर
ये हमें सर्वोत्तम हिंदी अनुवाद सेवाओं का अनुभव प्रदान करते हैं।अनेक हिंदी
अनुवादकों को हिंदी भाषा में विशेषज्ञता प्राप्त है।क्योंकि हिंदी हमारी राजभाषा
है, अत: ये विशेष रूप से हिंदी भाषी की
प्रन्नोती हेतु हिंदी अनुवाद कार्य कराने में प्रतिज्ञाबद्ध है। ये समयसीमा को
ध्यान रखेते हुए उत्कृष्ठ हिंदी अनुवाद संवाएं प्रदान करते है।
अंग्रेजी-हिंदी
के अनुवादक:
अनुवाद एक चुनौपूर्ण काम है। इसदौर से सभी भाषाओं के
अनुवादक को गुजरना होता है।अनुवाद कार्य में प्रवृत्त होने के पूर्व अनुवादक को
स्रोत भाषा और लक्ष्य भाषा का पर्याप्त ज्ञान होना चाहिए। अन्य भारतीय भाषाओं
के मुकाबले अंग्रेजी-हिंदी में अनुवाद कार्य में बहुत अधिक सतर्क रहना पड़ता है। क्योंकि
अंग्रेजी एवं हिंदी के संरचना ढांचे पर्याप्त भिन्न है। एक ही उत्स से निकली
स्रोत और लक्ष्य भाषा की संरचना लगभग एक जैसा ही है; जैसे हिंदी-पंजाबी,
हिंदी-उर्दू, मराठी-गुजराती आदि की।
निष्कर्ष:
अनुवाद-कर्म राष्ट्र सेवा का कर्म है। यह अनुवादक ही कर सकता
है जो दो संस्कृतियों, राज्यों, देशों एवं विचारधाराओं के बीच ‘सेतु’ का काम करता है।
Thursday, June 21, 2012
Bengali Translation combines business with People
Translation is not an easy task. Only experienced and expert translators can execute your work properly. One must be aware of colloquial style of the language. The translator must understand the difference between ‘Sudhho Bhasha’ and ‘Cholit Bhasha’. Because of this experienced Bengali translators are always on demand and earn handsome amount of money. Translators work as freelancers or join a translation agency.
Are you thinking to launch a new product in eastern India? Then you should prepare the product manual in Bengali to reach maximum number of customers. For that, you need quality Bengali translation. And that’s why the demand of translation services is increasing with globalization.
Bengali belongs to Indo-Aryan language group. Bengali is the official language of Bangladesh and one of the 23 regional languages recognized by India. It is also the official language of Indian states West Bengal and Tripura. Bengali is the sixth most spoken language of the world. In India, Bengali is second most spoken language only after Hindi. According to UNESCO, Bengali is the sweetest language of the world.
Bengali language is widely used in schools, colleges, offices in Kolkata, the economic center of Eastern India and in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. The knowledge of Bengali can help you to increase your product market share or to execute business deals effectively. Kolkata is a major hub for industries like engineering, banking, IT, leather, shipping, Jute. So quality Bengali translation is needed in almost every industry. Many MNC companies are opening their offices or launching their products in eastern India. To capture the rural market they are taking help of English to Bengali translations. Even for machine installation we need translation services.
Bengali literature is indeed very rich. There are so many Bengali writers famous for their novels, poems, dramas and short stories all over the world. So there is constant demand of Bengali literature translation. Bengali poet "Rabindranath Tagore" became the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize for Literature. His poems were translated from Bengali into many languages.
Saturday, June 16, 2012
Difficulty with Middle Eastern Languages during Desktop Publishing
Working with Middle Eastern Languages is like you are watching the reflection of English Language on your desktop. It’s listing style, numeric style, and paragraph alignment is completely different. Here in this post we are going to explain about the difficulty working with Middle Eastern Languages.
Working with ID Format
Right to left languages always aligned from right. But if your source file have a justified paragraph then you need to do it same in the translated document. For that you have to work with ME versions or you need to work with In.tools Plug-in. It’s word ready composer can help you to typeset your document.
Working with CDR Format
If your source file is in CDR Format and you want to translate and publish it in Arabic, Farsi, or any Middle Eastern Language, it is a tough job. For that you need to use different software, InPage. Most of the graphic designers and type-setters use this to type ME Languages and for typography options.You need to copy your text in InPage then need to export with EPS and after that you can import in CDR.
Detaching and Attaching Farsi Alphabets
Working with Farsi is not different from other ME Languages. But while pasting the text from Word to InDesign, you can face a problem. Some alphabets attached after pasting. And if you are non-language DTPer, than you will not find this problem. To be safe from these risks you need to handle your work to a language specialist or language Translation Services provider.
We hope this post will help you to find a better option to get done your work. There are more difficulties, we will discuss in future. If you have something to share it in the comment option. Your experience can help to find to better option to deal with these languages. Desktop publishing, a technological publishing method of educational series of products designed to operate in a teacher-led classroom etc..
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